🖥 TAP TO SAVE 50% WITH CODE THANKS
X
Lost password?

Don't have an account?
Gain Access Now

X

Receive free daily analysis

NFL
NBA
NHL
NASCAR
CFB
MLB
MMA
PGA
ESPORTS
BETTING

Already have an account? Log In

X

Forgot Password


POPULAR FANTASY TOOLS

Expert Advice
Articles & Tools
Import Your Leagues
Daily Stats & Leaders
All Pitcher Matchups
Compare Any Players
Compare Any Players
Rookies & Call-Ups
24x7 News and Alerts

2019 Second Base - Early Fantasy Baseball Tiered Rankings

Ozzie Albies - Fantasy Baseball Rankings, MLB Injury News, DFS Lineup Picks

RotoBaller's early 2019 fantasy baseball rankings and tiers for second base. Our experts are ahead of the game with January mixed league rankings for 2B.

We continue our fantasy baseball tiered rankings analysis with the second base position. Even though we are just coming off ringing in the new year, RotoBaller writers Nick Mariano, JB Branson, Pierre Camus, and Chris Zolli have wasted to time coming up with our initial pre-draft rankings to give you a sense of player values as early as possible. As the offseason progresses, these rankings are sure to change quite a bit over the coming weeks. We'll be updating our rankings regularly, so be sure to keep checking in on our fantasy baseball rankings dashboard for the most updated lists.

Second base isn't usually a priority position in fantasy drafts and the disappointing season by former fantasy stud Jose Altuve hurts it further. The relative lack of names within the top-25 ranked players goes to show that you can probably wait for a solid starter. This is a good place to find speed, but you'll have to either sacrifice other categories with players like Peraza and Gordon or take a calculated risk with someone like Mondesi or Villar. Most of these players also qualify at other positions, so you can approach this list with a great deal of roster flexibility in mind on draft day.

In case you missed it, you can also read about our shortstop rankings to help round out your MI tiers. Without any more delay, let's take a peek at the 2019 second base rankings for January.

Be sure to check all of our fantasy baseball lineup tools and resources:

 

2019 Fantasy Baseball Rankings: Second Base (January)

Rank Tier Player Position Nick Pierre JB Chris
1 1 Jose Ramirez 2B/3B 3 4 3 3
2 2 Jose Altuve 2B 18 16 18 13
3 2 Javier Baez 2B/SS/3B 24 25 20 25
4 2 Matt Carpenter 1B/2B/3B 43 43 39 44
5 2 Ozzie Albies 2B 58 32 51 37
6 2 Whit Merrifield 2B/OF 38 55 36 67
7 3 Adalberto Mondesi 2B/SS 52 77 63 45
8 3 Gleyber Torres 2B/SS 87 90 71 42
9 4 Scooter Gennett 2B 78 124 69 95
10 4 Daniel Murphy 1B/2B 84 110 83 117
11 4 Jose Peraza 2B/SS 100 128 74 98
12 4 Dee Gordon 2B/OF 106 79 97 119
13 4 Brian Dozier 2B 117 100 103 83
14 4 Robinson Cano 1B/2B 103 126 99 91
15 4 Max Muncy 1B/2B/3B 123 96 109 113
16 4 Travis Shaw 1B/2B/3B 102 158 119 115
17 4 Rougned Odor 2B 114 165 115 127
18 4 Jonathan Villar 2B/SS 111 189 94 135
19 5 Yoan Moncada 2B 161 159 145 131
20 5 Cesar Hernandez 2B 142 173 121 189
21 5 Jonathan Schoop 2B 175 98 164 211
22 5 Jurickson Profar SS/3B/1B/2B 140 254 155 125
23 6 Yulieski Gurriel 1B/2B/3B 234 206 214 182
24 6 Lourdes Gurriel 2B/SS 212 226 246 176
25 6 Chris Taylor 2B/SS/OF 214 294 171 203
26 6 Joey Wendle 2B/3B/SS/OF 176 338 185 202
27 6 Garrett Hampson 2B 256 292 166 210
28 6 Jeff McNeil 2B 279 229 273 171
29 6 DJ LeMahieu 2B 205 293 196 333
30 6 Jed Lowrie 2B 268 334 193 263
31 7 Starlin Castro 2B 326 340 239 295
32 7 Marwin Gonzalez 1B/2B/SS/OF 364 348 303 215
33 7 Ian Kinsler 2B 305 343 277 354
34 7 Isiah Kiner-Falefa C/2B/3B 339 436 322 255
35 7 Ryan McMahon 1B/3B/2B 356 311 393 315
36 7 Jason Kipnis 2B/OF 290 395 329 377
37 7 Johan Camargo 2B/3B/SS 357 407 268 363
38 7 Eduardo Nunez 2B/3B 374 354 380 314
39 7 Luis Urias 2B 325 387 291 445
40 8 Steve Pearce 1B/2B/OF 353 443 385 319
41 8 Zack Cozart SS/2B/3B 388 372 376 385
42 8 Niko Goodrum 1B/2B/3B/SS/OF 391 460 473 277
43 8 Asdrubal Cabrera SS/2B/3B 456 456 341 357
44 8 Ben Zobrist 2B/OF 402 413 424 412
45 8 Josh Harrison 2B 422 402 409 418
46 8 Dustin Pedroia 2B 425 451 348 495
47 8 Keston Hiura 2B 455 392 427 452
48 8 Kolten Wong 2B 442 422 466 408
49 8 Joe Panik 2B 434 446 433 457
50 8 Devon Travis 2B 464 470 514 337
51 8 Kike Hernandez 2B/SS/OF 462 431 502 398
52 8 Alen Hanson 2B 572 394 #N/A 404
53 8 Logan Forsythe 2B/3B 436 403 483 511
54 8 Hernan Perez 2B/3B/OF/SS 566 399 487 383
55 8 Wilmer Flores 1B/3B/2B 504 425 481 513
56 8 Derek Dietrich 2B 529 457 446 508
57 8 Neil Walker 2B #N/A 488 #N/A #N/A
58 8 Chad Pinder SS/2B/OF 570 440 #N/A 460
59 8 Adam Frazier 2B 468 500 505 #N/A
60 8 Yangervis Solarte 2B/3B/SS 539 529 472 427
61 8 Yolmer Sanchez 2B/3B 476 509 504 #N/A
62 8 Wilmer Difo 2B 486 504 513 #N/A
63 8 Chris Owings 2B/3B/OF 431 552 510 516
64 8 Tyler Saladino 2B/SS 511 516 #N/A #N/A
65 8 Brock Holt 2B/3B/OF 496 #N/A 508 550
66 8 Jose Pirela OF/2B 577 558 #N/A #N/A
67 8 Charlie Culberson 2B/SS 576 #N/A #N/A #N/A
68 8 Brandon Lowe 2B 619 #N/A #N/A #N/A

 

Rankings Analysis - Top Tiers

Tier One

There isn't much to discuss as far as who ranks as the top second baseman in 2019. Jose Ramirez stands alone in the first tier as the only player at the position to rank inside our top 10 overall. At 26 years of age with five years of MLB experience, J-Ram is in his prime and ranks among the most consistent fantasy options available, regardless of position. His 225 R+RBI ranked third in the majors, behind only J.D. Martinez and Christian Yelich. There's a reason he finished third in the AL MVP voting and it's the same reason he is an easy top-five fantasy pick. The only surprise here is the absence of a certain diminutive two-bagger from Houston, who now sits in the second tier.

Tier Two

Jose Altuve wasn't just the top second baseman in all fantasy drafts last year, he was even taken as the top overall pick in some leagues. Yes, over Mike Trout. Maybe it was a World Series hangover or a case of fatigue. Maybe Altuve's best seasons are behind him and his wheels won't see as much mileage around the basepaths as they used to. Whatever the case, he dropped down to 17 steals - the first full season in which he ended with fewer than 30 SB. The .316 average was still sold, but not elite as we've come to expect, and his home runs dropped from 24 to 13. He's not at an advanced age (28) and is still playing in a stacked lineup, so maybe a shorter playoff run and some renewed motivation will result in a reboot of MVP-caliber Altuve. He doesn't need to be a first-round pick anymore, though.

Amidst multi-position eligible players like Baez, Carpenter, and Merrifield, the most interesting name that stands out is Ozzie Albies. I'm personally highest on Albies, so allow me to explain. Albies had a great rookie year but it was a tale of two halves: before the ASB he hit .281 with 20 HR and 55 RBI, whereas post-ASB he hit .226 with four HR and 16 RBI. It seems obvious that pitchers adjusted to him but he showed progress in his plate discipline in September, posting the best BB:K ratio of any month and his run-scoring was consistent throughout the year. I know he won't hit 30 homers but he doesn't need to. If he crosses the plate 100+ times again with anything close to 20 HR, 75 RBI and 15 SB (meaning no growth from his rookie year), he still ranks in the top five among second basemen in every counting stat category. Given the state of the position, where players like Brian Dozier and DJ Lemahieu are on the downslide, it's worth nabbing Albies early before filling other positions.

Tier Three

A pair of second-year players comprises the third tier. Both Gleyber Torres and Raul Mondesi Jr. (call him Adalberto) are intriguing yet unproven, which explains my slightly lower ranking. I would gladly take Mondesi in the first five rounds if I could be sure he would steal 50+ bases this season and bat .286 like he did in the second half of 2018. This is a young player that struggled mightily in his first two tastes of Major League action, though. His 4% career walk rate must improve if he's going to be a consistent threat at the top of the lineup. My concern is two-fold. First, that newly acquired Billy Hamilton manages to replace him at the top of the lineup and reduce Mondesi's chances to steal and/or score. Second, that Mondesi becomes a middle infield version of Billy Hamilton, providing speed but little else. He flashed power last year but, like with Albies, that could change if pitchers start to run it inside on him more often. More than anything, I'm not going to overpay for a small sample size toward the end of the season. Remember when we were projecting Jose Peraza for 50 steals and a .300 average in 2017? Fun times.

Gleyber Torres has great power at the position and plays in a potent lineup. I'm not convinced it's enough yet to distinguish him much further from players in the next tier like Scooter Gennett or Daniel Murphy, so I'd be tempted to wait rather than reach too early for a player simply because he wears pinstripes. He's a great talent in a great spot but his roto value doesn't make him superior enough to draft much higher.

 

Rankings Analysis - Middle Tiers

Tier Four

This tier is by far the most crowded, with a handful of speed demons headlining the group. Dee Gordon is a consistent source of steals and should get the benefit of not having to move around the field or learn a new position this season. He seems to enjoy better success in terms of average in odd years, so there's that too.

Jose Peraza is more of a fallback option, having stolen 23 bases each of the last two seasons despite seeing over 500 plate appearances. Perhaps he'll run more with B-Ham out of the way or maybe new skipper David Bell will be aggressive on the basepaths. It's still best to forecast Peraza for approximately 25 steals with an average around .280 as Steamer suggests.

Recency bias has propelled Jonathan Villar back into fantasy prominence, even into JB's top 100 overall players. He finished strong with 21 steals over the last two months in Baltimore, but this is still a player that hits .260, has never reached 20 HR and plays on what is sure to again be one of the worst teams in baseball. He won't kill you in any one category, but to suggest that he is a top-12 second baseman is giving him a major pass for his disappointing 2017 and first half of 2018 before he was discarded by Milwaukee. To be fair, NFBC data has Villar as the seventh-ranked second baseman, which seems borderline insane.

I'd love to see a Robby Cano renaissance but we definitely need to be realistic here. This is a 36-year-old coming off arthroscopic knee surgery who is moving to the National League and a ballpark that finished dead-last in Ballpark Factor for runs and 22nd in home runs last year. Cano has proven he can maintain a high average but I just don't see the homer total passing 20 and would rather take a chance on a Brian Dozier rebound instead.

Tier Five

Is this the year of the Yoan Moncada breakout? If so, someone in every fantasy league will get a major value since Moncada is going as the 14th-ranked 2B according to current ADP results. We have him ranked 19th, mainly because we know you don't have to swing for the fences with every pick in order to build a strong team. Moncada showed little progress throughout the season, finishing with a lower batting average in the second half (.231 vs .238), lower slugging percentage (.359 vs .427) and near-identical strikeout rate (32.6% vs 33.9%). He knows how to take a walk but even his OBP isn't helpful as long as his average remains so low. This is a sleeper pick that should be taken after your starter spots are filled.

Did I intentionally put Jonathan Schoop inside the top 100? Yup. While Villar gets a pass for playing in Baltimore, Schoop is being penalized for one bad year playing on a lousy team. He is in his prime at 27 years old and is on a one-year prove-it deal with Minnesota, who will back him up in the lineup with Nelson Cruz. Schoop has proven he can be an elite power option at the position, even hitting .293 in 2017. Schoop is more likely to be the value play you're looking for than Moncada.

Tier Six

Looking to backup your second baseman or fill your middle infield spot with oodles of upside? Consider youngsters Lourdes Gurriel, Garrett Hampson, or Jeff McNeil.

Gurriel struggled initially upon call-up but finished strong with a .310/7/19 triple-slash line in his final 31 games. At 25 years of age, with five full seasons of international play for the Cuban National Series under his belt, youth or inexperience are no concern here.

Hampson is a good-looking prospect who got a cup of coffee with the Rockies last year and fared well. He could be in line for extended playing time with Lemahieu out of the picture, but a rumored acquisition of Brian Dozier could squash that value.

McNeil could be in the starting lineup even after the team traded for Robinson Cano, as one of those players will likely shift to first base. If Peter Alonso wins the first base job, as some are projecting, then McNeil could become a super-utility player. That doesn't kill his value. In fact, as he adds positional eligibility, it might make him even more useful in deeper mixed leagues. In half a season, McNeil hit .329 and kept his strikeout rate under 10%. The power hasn't fully developed but there is a lot of potential that shouldn't be overlooked.

 

Rankings Analysis - Lower Tiers

Tiers Seven and Eight

This is where things get less exciting. Starlin Castro is one of the few players at this rank to hold down a regular starting gig. Playing for the hapless Marlins squashes much of his value, although he did hit .278 and score 76 runs last year. The upside is too limited to make him anything other than a streaming option throughout the season.

Ian Kinsler is the new second baseman in San Diego, but it may not be long before Luis Urias takes over. Kinsler still has some pop left in his bat and surprisingly stole 16 bases last year, his most since 2012. Andy Green does like to give his players the green light to run. Then again, Kinsler's average has sunken to .236 and .240 the last two seasons. Urias could actually win the job at shortstop this spring if he proves capable enough with the glove, so we might see both players on the field to start 2019. This offense isn't yet one you want to hang your hat on but neither will cost you more than a late-round pick anyway.

Johan Camargo doesn't have a starting job, at least not until Josh Donaldson gets hurt, so give or take a few weeks. OK, maybe it's not fair to label Donaldson as injury prone just because he's missed almost a full season's worth of games (159) over the last two years. He had played in at least 155 games every full season in the majors before 2017. Camargo doesn't need to be drafted as long as Donaldson is ready for the start of the season but he could be a smart handcuff for his owners.

It feels like Jason Kipnis has been around since the days of Jim Thome and Albert Belle, but he is in fact only 31 years of age. He's still got a starting gig in Cleveland, although this version of the Indians could be a stripped-down version if they part with their elite starting pitchers. If he hits near the top of the order, which is front-loaded with guys like Lindor, Ramirez, and Santana, he could be a decent source of R+RBI again in addition to 15-20 HR. The bottom of Cleveland's lineup gets scary, however, so if Kipnis is moved down in the order, his value drops with it.

Some names to keep in mind at the bottom portion of the second base rankings include Brewers prospect Keston Hiura, Giants utility man Alen Hanson, and the talented but perpetually-injured Devon Travis. These make for interesting late-round picks, as lack of opportunity is the only thing holding them back.

More Fantasy Baseball Rankings Analysis




POPULAR FANTASY TOOLS

Expert Advice
Articles & Tools
Import Your Leagues
Daily Stats & Leaders
All Pitcher Matchups
Compare Any Players
Compare Any Players
Rookies & Call-Ups
24x7 News and Alerts

REAL-TIME FANTASY NEWS

Timo Meier

Takes Leave of Absence
Draymond Green

Ruled Out for Friday Versus Timberwolves
Thatcher Demko

Back in Canucks Crease Thursday
Josh Norris

Out on Thursday
Boone Jenner

Rejoins Blue Jackets Lineup Thursday
Stephen Curry

Off Injury Report for Friday's Matchup With Minnesota
Victor Hedman

Placed on Injured Reserve
Charlie McAvoy

Set to Return Thursday
Philip Rivers

Colts Prepping Philip Rivers to Start in Week 15?
John Konchar

Will Undergo Thumb Surgery
Zach Edey

Out at Least Four Weeks
CFB

Bryce Underwood Could Leave Michigan Without Buyout
Mike Evans

Expected to Play Thursday, But Only on Key Downs?
Fernando Tatis Jr.

Padres Not Considering Trading Fernando Tatis Jr.
Tarik Skubal

Tigers Engaged in "Serious Talks" Around Trading Tarik Skubal at the Winter Meetings
Josh Jacobs

Calling Himself Day-to-Day
CFB

Chris Brazzell II Declaring for NFL Draft
CeeDee Lamb

on Track to Play on Sunday Night
CFB

Fernando Mendoza Named AP College Football Player of the Year
Raisel Iglesias

to Remain the Braves Closer
Robert Suarez

Agrees on Three-Year Deal With Braves
T.J. Watt

Could Miss Monday's Game With a Lung Issue
Trey Hendrickson

Moved to Injured Reserve
Josh Jacobs

Likely to Miss a Second Straight Practice
De'Von Achane

to Start the Week as Limited in Practice
CFB

Sherrone Moore Remains in Police Custody
CFB

Joe Klanderman Joining Baylor Coaching Staff
Alex DeBrincat

Extends Scoring Streak With Three-Point Effort
Dylan Guenther

Lights the Lamp Twice Wednesday
CFB

Kentucky Hiring Jay Bateman as Next Defensive Coordinator
Sam Bennett

Tallies Three Points Against Mammoth
Vince Dunn

Caps Off Three-Point Performance With Overtime Winner
Spencer Knight

Stops Rangers From Scoring Wednesday
Simon Edvinsson

Makes Early Exit Wednesday
Jared McCann

Injured in Wednesday's Win
Donovan Clingan

Misses Third Consecutive Game
Jrue Holiday

Still Out Thursday
AJ Green

Iffy for Thursday
Dennis Schröder

Dennis Schroder Likely to Remain Out Thursday
Zach LaVine

Out Thursday With Thumb Injury
Alperen Sengün

Alperen Sengun Back From Two-Game Absence Thursday
Stephen Curry

on Track to Return Friday
Si Woo Kim

Closes 2025 With Strong Finish Among Putting Woes
Akshay Bhatia

Looks to Rebound in 2026 After Down Year Off the Tee
Brian Harman

2025 Season a Step Back Despite Spring Win
Sam Burns

' Elite Putting Headlines a Solid 2025 Season
Sepp Straka

Ends Stellar 2025 Campaign on a High Note
Robert MacIntyre

Closes Out a Steady 2025 Campaign
CFB

Chip Kelly Interviews for Georgia Tech Offensive Coordinator Job
CFB

Louisville Receiver Chris Bell has a Torn ACL
Davante Adams

in Good Spot for Week 15 Despite Hamstring Soreness
Devin Booker

Won't Play Against OKC
Jordan Poole

Considered Questionable for Thursday
Maxi Kleber

Sidelined for Wednesday's Matchup With Spurs
Dakota Mermis

to Miss a Month
Jake Evans

to Miss Thursday's Matchup
Elias Pettersson

Unlikely to Play Thursday
Min Woo Lee

Breaks Through to Win in Texas This Year
Nick Bjugstad

to Miss at Least Three Games
PGA

Alex Noren Wins Twice on European Tour This Year
Connor Hellebuyck

Returns to Practice
Pelle Larsson

Sidelined at Least One Week
John Carlson

Could Return Thursday
Andrei Kuzmenko

Sits as Healthy Scratch Wednesday
Wyndham Clark

has Up-and-Down 2025 Golf Season
CFB

Michigan Fires Head Coach Sherrone Moore
Dereck Lively II

to Undergo Season-Ending Foot Surgery
Corey Conners

Comes Close to Winning Again in Very Good 2025
Justin Rose

Turns Back the Clock in 2025
Mike Evans

Officially Questionable for Thursday Night Game
Geno Smith

Unlikely to Play in Week 15
CFB

Jim Knowles Expected to be Hired as Tennessee's Defensive Coordinator
Tyrone Tracy Jr.

"Good to Go" for Week 15
Harris English

Enjoys Solid Finish at Hero World Challenge
CeeDee Lamb

has "One or Two" Things Left to the Clear Concussion Protocol
Jayden Daniels

Commanders Not Shutting Down Jayden Daniels for the Year
CFB

Defensive Coordinator Jim Knowles Not Being Retained at Penn State
CFB

Indiana's Stephen Daley Done for Season After Post-Game Injury
Kyle Pitts Sr.

Carries Momentum and a Questionable Tag into TNF
Drake London

Won't Play on Thursday Night
Tyrone Tracy Jr.

Practicing Coming Out of the Bye Week
Garrett Wilson

Practice Window Still Hasn't Opened
Breece Hall

Out on Wednesday With Knee Soreness
Pete Alonso

Orioles Finalizing Five-Year Deal
Jayden Daniels

Ruled Out for Week 15
Cade Otton

Considered Doubtful for Thursday Night
Nick Bjugstad

Injured Tuesday
Jordan McLaughlin

Listed as Questionable for Wednesday
Maxi Kleber

Questionable Wednesday
Marcus Smart

Ready to Face Spurs Wednesday
Luguentz Dort

Returns From Three-Game Absence Wednesday
Alex Caruso

Set to Return Wednesday
Kyle Finnegan

Tigers, Kyle Finnegan Agree on Two-Year Deal
Bo Bichette

Red Sox Out on Bo Bichette For Now
Philadelphia Phillies

Phillies Extend Manager Rob Thomson Through 2027 Season
Michael King

the Mets' Top Rotation Target?
Ronald Acuña Jr.

Ronald Acuna Jr. Could Move Back to Leadoff Spot
CFB

Florida, Wisconsin Among Suitors for QB Transfer Kenny Minchey
CFB

Bryan Harsin, Justin Wilcox Candidates for Washington State Head Coach Job?
Edwin Díaz

Edwin Diaz Agrees to Deal With the Dodgers
Kyle Schwarber

Returning to Phillies on Five-Year Deal
CFB

Ole Miss Hiring John David Baker as Offensive Coordinator
CFB

Ty Howle the Top Target for Virginia Tech Offensive Coordinator Job
Shohei Ohtani

to be Used More as Traditional Starting Pitcher Next Year
Yordan Alvarez

to Become Full-Time DH in 2026?
Mason Miller

Padres Plan to Keep Mason Miller in the Bullpen
Ranger Suárez

Orioles Interested in Signing Ranger Suarez
Anthony Volpe

Yankees Don't Expect Anthony Volpe to be Ready in April
Gerrit Cole

Targeting a Return in May/June
CFB

Heisman Trophy Finalists Announced on Monday
CFB

Anthony Hill Jr. Declaring for 2026 NFL Draft
CFB

Ryan Walters a Candidate for Tennessee Defensive Coordinator Job?
Rory McIlroy

Ends 2025 as the Year's Most Unburdened Player
Aaron Rai

Needs to Figure Out Putting Woes This Offseason
Jordan Spieth

Plays Better on Paper in 2025 Than Results Show
PGA

Chris Gotterup Needs to Find Better Touch and Consistency This Offseason
Hideki Matsuyama

Ends 2025 Season With a Bookend Victory
CFB

Tennessee Fires Defensive Coordinator Tim Banks
Scottie Scheffler

Comes Up Just Shy of Hero World Challenge Victory
Merab Dvalishvili

Drops A Decision At UFC 323
Petr Yan

Reclaims Bantamweight Title
Alexandre Pantoja

Era Ends With Gruesome Injury
Joshua Van

Becomes Second-Youngest UFC Champion
Brandon Moreno

Suffers His First TKO Loss
Brandon Moreno

Tatsuro Taira Becomes First Fighter To Finish Brandon Moreno
Henry Cejudo

Payton Talbott Retires Henry Cejudo
Henry Cejudo

Retires After UFC 323 Loss
Jan Blachowicz

Bogdan Guskov Vs. Jan Blachowicz Ends In A Majority Draw
Jan Blachowicz

And Bogdan Guskov Fight To Majority Draw
CFB

Texas RB CJ Baxter Entering Transfer Portal
San Francisco Giants

Jeff Kent Elected to Baseball Hall of Fame
Ketel Marte

Red Sox Interested in Trading for Ketel Marte
Kyle Schwarber

Pirates Make Four-Year Offer to Kyle Schwarber

RANKINGS

QB
RB
WR
TE
K
DEF
RANKINGS
C
1B
2B
3B
SS
OF
SP
RP